An athlete leaves one end of a pool of length l at t = 0 and arrives at the other end at time t1. she swims back and arrives at the starting position at time t2. if she is swimming initially in the positive x direction, determine her average velocities symbolically in the first half of the swim, the second half of the swim, and the round trip. (assume that time t2 is from the other end of the pool to the starting point. use any variable or symbol stated above as necessary. indicate the direction with the sign of your answer.)

Ammonia enters the expansion valve of a refrigeration system at a pressure of 10 bar and a temperature of 18oc and exits at 6.0 bar. the refrigerant undergoes a throttling process. determine the temperature, in oc, and the quality of the refrigerant at the exit of the expansion valve.

As part of an industrial process, air as an ideal gas at 10 bar, 400k expands at steady state through a valve to a pressure of 4 bar. the mass flow rate of air is 0.5 kg/s. the air then passes through a heat exchanger where it is cooled to a temperature of 295k with negligible change in pressure. the valve can be modeled as a throttling process, and kinetic and potential energy effects can be neglected. (a) for a control volume enclosing the valve and heat exchanger and enough of the local surroundings that the heat transfer occurs at the ambient temperature of 295 k, determine the rate of entropy production, in kw/k. (b) if the expansion valve were replaced by an adiabatic turbine operating isentropically, what would be the entropy production? compare the results of parts (a) and (b) and discuss.

On a day when the barometer reads 75.23 cm, a reaction vessel holds 250 ml of ideal gas at 20 celsius. an oil manometer ( ρ= 810 kg/m^3) reads the pressure in the vessel to be 41 cm of oil and below atmospheric pressure. what volume will the gas occupy under s.t.p.?