The process of upwelling brings which of the following to the surface? freshwater, deoxygenated water, cold water, or warm water. *earth science*

 cold water

Explanation:

Upwelling is a oceanic phenomena. This involves the movement of the cold, dense and nutrient rich water to the oceanic surface. This water replaces the warm, and nutrient poor surface water. The process of upwelling promotes the growth of plants and phytoplanktons on the surface of oceanic water due to availability of nutrients that are necessary for growth.

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.

there are no contact forces mentioned on the list of choices that you've provided.