Why do objects that are thrown or shot follow a curved path?

If a textbook weighs 37.2 n on venus, and the book has a mass of 4.4 kg, what is the strength of gravity on venus? 8.9 m/s28.9 m/si don't have enough information,9.8 m/s2

Could someone . i have tried to solve myself but my calculation is off

Asheet of steel 1.5 mm thick has nitrogen atmospheres on both sides at 1200oc and is permitted to achieve a steady-state diffusion condition. the diffusion coefficient for nitrogen in steel at this temperature is 6 x 10- 11 m2 /s, and the diffusion flux is found to be 1.2 x 10-7 kg/m2 -s. also, it is known that the concentration of nitrogen in the steel at the high-pressure surface is 4 kg/m3 . how far into the sheet from this high-pressure side will the concentration be 2.0 kg/m3 ? assume a linear concentration profile.