HELPFUL TIPS Earthquake Preparedness

The United States Geological Survey (USGS) is part of the United States Department of the Interior. It is a science bureau. Its purpose is to give us factual information about many things related to the environment. One important area is that of threats from natural hazards and how to stay as safe as possible should disaster strike.

For example, in 2005 the USGS wrote a detailed handbook about earthquakes for people living in the San Francisco Bay Area. As the handbook points out, “All Bay Area communities are at risk from the damaging effects of quakes…. Scientists estimate that there is more than a 60% chance of a damaging earthquake striking the region in the next 30 years.” Clearly, Bay Area residents should be as prepared as possible for an earthquake!

Unfortunately, scientists cannot pinpoint exactly when an earthquake will occur. The interactions occurring far below the Earth’s surface that trigger earthquakes are complex. They are difficult to study. Although monitoring devices are constantly working around the globe, there is no obvious signal that an earthquake is coming soon. Instead, the vibrations indicating that a quake is imminent are detected just seconds before it occurs. That’s why the USGS urges people to stay in a constant state of preparation. What does that mean? Let’s look at some examples. First, people living in earthquake zones should look for potential hazards in their homes. Since earthquakes cause shaking, any items that might fall, especially near places where people sit or sleep, should be secured. Home owners should also have professionals check water and gas pipes, water heaters, and the building in general to be sure everything is in good repair.

Second, every family should figure out the safest place to be in each room of the home. Family members should practice “drop, cover, and hold on” in the best area of each room. For example, getting under a sturdy table or desk is a good idea. Standing in a doorway is a very bad idea. Additionally, every family member should keep a sturdy pair of shoes and a flashlight near his or her bed. Those who are sleeping when an earthquake hits should remain there and cover their heads with a pillow. Then, because there is likely to be broken glass after an earthquake, they should put on shoes before walking around.

Third, families should put together a disaster kit and be sure everyone knows where it is stored. The kit should include drinking water, food that is easy to open and prepare (including pet food), and any medications that family members need. The kit should also have a battery-powered light source and radio, protective gear, and copies of important documents including identification.

Fourth, people living in earthquake zones should make a plan as a family about what to do in case they are separated. Families must decide on a meeting place. Every person should have a list of names and cell phone numbers to call. There are lots of good apps for digital devices that can aid in this planning, including some developed by the American Red Cross.

Speaking of the American Red Cross, this organization is prepared to assist in many ways should a damaging earthquake hit. The American Red Cross will open and run emergency shelters. It will supply victims things they need, including food and water, blankets, and baby supplies. It will also provide basic health services and contribute blood. Truly, citizens’ earthquake preparations and those of the government and organizations such as the Red Cross are invaluable. Sadly, it is not a matter of if a large earthquake will hit the Bay area. It is a matter of when.