Researchers studied the effects of smoking and infant transforming growth factor alpha (TGFA) alleles in an ethnically homogenous setting to determine their possible association with nonsyndrome cleft lip and/or palate (CLP). Medical histories and interview information were obtained for mothers of 302 CLP cases and for 567 mothers of non-malformed children. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that smoking was associated with cleft lip and/or cleft palate (odds ratio = 1.40, 95% confidence interval 0.99 – 2.00), whereas TGFA was not associated with CLP. Identify: a. Study Design. b. Exposure. c. Outcome. d. Advantage.

Complete the following sentence that describe the alimentary canal and its walls: the is composed mostly of connective tissue, nerves, and vessels, which to nourish surrounding tissues.

Anurse is teaching a client who is to begin cyclophosphamide therapy to treat cancer. which of the following adverse effects of this medication should the nurse include in the teaching? a. hypotension b. bradycardia c. hyperglycemia d. leukopenia

A65-year-old male was admitted for evaluation of pain on swallowing and a sore throat that has persisted for the past year. the discomfort has not changed with the use of various over the counter cold remedies. the client has lost weight due to a decrease in appetite and difficulty swallowing. he has smoked 3 packs of cigarettes a day for 40 years.a laryngoscopy showed a subglottic mass. the client had a total laryngectomy with a tracheostomy to manage laryngeal cancer. he also has a nasogastric tube in place. you will be providing care for this client during his first 72 hours after surgery. a. select one nanda-i nursing diagnosis and describe why it is a priority for this client. b. what is the cause or related factor for this nanda-i nursing diagnosis? c. identify an outcome for this nanda-i nursing diagnosis. the outcome must be patient-centered and measurable. d. identify two (2) nursing interventions that will this client achieve the outcome. e. describe how each intervention will the patient achieve the outcome.