(1) what are the causes of type 2 diabetes? what is the relationship between insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia? (2) what are endocrine disrupters and what are their functions in our body? provide some examples. (3) how does concentration of glucose effect insulin secretion?

1) Causes: Overweight, obesity and physical inactivity, insulin resistance, genes and family history, genetic mutations, hormonal diseases, lesions or removal of the pancreas.

Hyperinsulinemia is independent of insulin resistance: hyperinsulinemia is excessive insulin secretion, while insulin resistance is impaired glucose uptake.

2) Endocrine disruptors are chemical substances capable of altering the hormonal system, both in humans and animals, responsible for multiple vital functions such as growth or sexual development.

Example of endocrine disruptors:  Perchlorate is a chemical that blocks iodine uptake and alters TH. The effect on health is the concentration of TSH in humans.

3) Insulin is stored in Beta cells in secretory granules, which are prepared to release it into the bloodstream, in response to the stimulation of an increasing concentration of blood glucose.

Explanation:

With type 2 diabetes, the most common, the body does not produce or does not use insulin well. Insulin is a hormone that helps glucose enter cells to give them energy. You are at a higher risk of having type 2 diabetes if you are older, have obesity, a family history of diabetes or do not exercise.

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