What inverse operation would i use to solve x+12=48?

Afarmer sells 9.5 kilograms of apples and pears at the farmer's market. 4/5 of the weight is the apples and the rest is the pears. how many kilograms of pears did she sell at the farmers market

The wheels of a bicycle have a diameter of 70cm. how many meters will the bicycle travel if each wheel makes 50 revolutions

Mario has $14.35 left in his wallet. he spent $148.43 for tablecloths. then, he spent $92.05 for napkins. how much money did mario have in his wallet to start with?