Suppose the number of dropped footballs for a wide receiver, over the course of a season, are normally distributed with a mean of 16 and a standard deviation of 2. what is the z-score for a wide receiver who dropped 13 footballs over the course of a season? −3 −1.5 1.5 3

The z-score is the number of standard deviations away from the mean. We first subtract the actual score from the mean, then divide the difference by the standard deviation. In this case, our actual score is 13, so we subtract from the mean of 16, then divide by the SD of 2
(13 - 16) / 2 = -1.5