You visit a farm and notice that white chickens lay white eggs and colored chickens lay brown eggs, so you decide that only white chickens lay white eggs. what type of reasoning is this?

This would be Deductive Reasoning 

Well in order to lose a pound you would have to burn 1,500 calories. the more calories you burn the more weight you lose. in order to lose 2 pounds you would have to run 4 hours and 28 minutes.