9. As health commissioner of city A, you have decided to implement a $ 20 million exercise program for elementary school children if there was 95% confidence that the mean resting heart rate in this population was different from 80 beats/min. Using a random sample of 45 elementary school children, the estimated mean heart rate was found to be 86.5 beats/min with a 95% confidence interval from 79.1 to 93.9 beats/min. What is your decision

Researchers are conducting experiments to determine the role of alcohol in the development of depression. after the study is complete, they determine that the relative risk of developing depression is 1.55 with a 95 % ci of 1.2 -1.9. each group is then divided into nonsmokers and smokers. the relative risk for the nonsmokers is 1.12 with a 95% ci of 0.87-1.37. the relative risk for the smokers is 1.7 with a 95 % cl of 1.5-1.9. what type of bias may affect this study? a. procedure bias b. recall bias c. selection bias d. confounding e. lead-time bias