What is defined as the average of the squared differences of the values from the mean

Subscriptions to a popular fashion magazine have gone down by a consistent percentage each year and can be modeled by the function y = 42,000(0.96)t. what does the value 42,000 represent in the function?

Can you me find the missing length. i attached an image.

Three baby penguins and their father were sitting on an iceberg 0.50.50, point, 5 meters above the surface of the water. the father dove down 4.74.74, point, 7 meters from the iceberg into the water to catch dinner for his kids. what is the father penguin's position relative to the surface of the water?