1. Ernest Ruthersford
2. William Thomson, Baron Kelvin
3. Â James Usher
4. William Smith and Georges Cuvier.
5. James Hutton
Step-by-step explanation:
1. Ernest Rutherford.
When in 1907 Rutherford was offered a chair at the University of Manchester, whose physics laboratory was excelled in England only by Thomsonâs Cavendish Laboratory, he accepted it. A year later his work in Montreal was honoured by the Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Shortly after winning the Nobel Prize, Rutherford wrote the entry on radioactivity for the 11th edition (1910) of the EncyclopĂŚdia Britannica.
2. Baron Kelvin
Full name : William Thomson, Baron Kelvin Â
Thomson, who was knighted and raised to the peerage in recognition of his work in engineering and physics, was foremost among the small group of British scientists who helped lay the foundations of modern physics. His contributions to science included a major role in the development of the second law of thermodynamics; the absolute temperature scale (measured in kelvins); the dynamical theory of heat; the mathematical analysis of electricity and magnetism, including the basic ideas for the electromagnetic theory of light; the geophysical determination of the age of the Earth; and fundamental work in hydrodynamics. His theoretical work on submarine telegraphy and his inventions for use on submarine cables aided Britain in capturing a preeminent place in world communication during the 19th century.
Thomsonâs interest in electrical fields and magnetism led him to discover another critical relationship that would govern the operation of sounders, relays and registers used in telegraphy. Thomson analysed electro-magnets and concluded that similar iron cores with winding lengths proportional to the squares of their linear dimensions produced equal intensities of magnetic fields when they were supplied with equal currents. (Pope, 1891) Thomsonâs conclusion successfully identified the relationship between iron cores and copper conducting windings. Knowledge of this relationship enabled the production of electromagnets which could yield similar magnetic intensity despite using different sizes of iron cores and different lengths of windings. Thomson had defined the parameters under which all future electromagnets would be manufactured.
Kelvin Thomson risked his life several times during the laying of the first transatlantic cable.
3. Â Archbishop James Ussher, an Irish cleric, was born Jan. 4, 1581. ... A century later, when geologists began proposing a much older earth, it was Ussher's date of 4004 BC that they used as their foil.
4. Â William Smith. Â In the short term, the principle of faunal succession allowed Smith to place rock formations in the proper order throughout England, to identify lucrative coal seams for a fuel-hungry nation, and to publish a geologic map of England and Walesâthe most detailed, accurate map then produced for such a large area. His work included a fact finding expedition of the canals in the midlands and northern England. The canal excavation began in 1795 and Smith discovered that the strata (different sedimentary rock layers) of Somerset could be mapped and he observed that that the same types of fossils appeared in the same strata.
4. Georges Cuvier. In the first half of the 19th century, the French naturalist Georges Cuvier developed his theory of catastrophes. Accordingly, fossils show that animal and plant species are destroyed time and again by deluges and other natural cataclysms, and that new species evolve only after that.
5. James Hutton The man that found time is not pictured below due to 5 attachments being the maximum.
He showed that Earth had a long history that could be interpreted in terms of processes observed in the present. He showed, for instance, how soils were formed by the weathering of rocks and how layers of sediment accumulated on Earth's surface.
