Someone please help oml

Find the missing factor in exponential form 48^2=3^2 • ?

It is saturday morning and jeremy has discovered he has a leak coming from the water heater in his attic. since plumbers charge extra to come out on the weekends, jeremy is planning to use buckets to catch the dripping water. he places a bucket under the drip and steps outside to walk the dog. in half an hour the bucket is 1/5 of the way full. what is the rate at which the water is leaking per hour?

Suppose that sahil knows that 45 people with ages of 18 to 29 voted. without using a calculator, he quickly says then 135 people with ages of 30to 49 voted. is he correct? how might sohil have come up with his answer so quickly?