A college professor conducts an experiment to determine if students perform better on exams when they study alone or in small groups. A total of 150 students taking an introduction to sociology course volunteer to participate in the
study. Students are randomly assigned either to study alone for an upcoming exam or are assigned to a study group.
The exam grades are then compared. Which of the following accurately describes the benefit of random assignment
in the experiment?
Students of different abilities are more likely to be evenly distributed, so any differences observed the exam
grades are more likely to be a result of the treatment.
Students of different abilities are more likely to be evenly distributed, so any differences observed in the exam
grades are guaranteed to be a result of the treatment.
Students of different abilities are less likely to be evenly distributed, so any differences observed in the exam
grades may or may not be a result of the treatment.
There is no benefit of random assignment in the experiment.