How do i do this? i'm so lost. explain and show your work

You want to make sure to factor each equation as much as you can first.
So just focus on the numerator first.
To factor the numerator:
factor out an x
factor out the rest completely.

Now for the denominator:
factor out a -4
factor out the rest.

This leaves you with:


Then you can simplify:


I'm not sure what you're supposed to find exactly, so if you need more help you can ask me (:

Yo no me sé esa mala mia