A cohort study of smoking and lung cancer was conducted in a small island population. There were a total of 1,000 people in the study, and the study was conducted over a ten year period. Four hundred were smokers and 600 were not. Of the smokers, fifty developed lung cancer. Of the non-smokers, 10 developed lung cancer. In order to measure the strength of association between smoking and lung cancer in this population, which measure of exposure-disease association would you use

A measure of exposure-disease association one could use is the odds ratio (OR)

Step-by-step explanation:

An Odds ratio (OR) is a statistical measure quantifying the level of association between two events such as an exposure and an outcome

The odds ratio gives the probability of outcome where there is a given amount of exposure

We have the table;

The odds ratio = (The number of smokers with the lung-cancer)/(The number of non-smokers with lung-cancer) ÷ (The number of smokers smokers without long cancer).(The number of non-smokers without long cancer)

∴ OR = (50/10) ÷ (350/590) = 59/7 = 8. ≈ 8.4

Therefore, a smoker is approximately 8.4 times more likely to develop lung cancer than a non-smoker.

the naturalist literary movement was an extension of the realist literary movement, a movement that strove to portray life as it really was hope it

step-by-step explanation:

5x + 3y = - 4

step-by-step explanation:

the equation of a line in standard form is

ax + by = c ( a is a positive integer and b, c are integers )

express the line first of all in slope- intercept form

y = mx + c ( m is the slope and c the y-intercept )

to calculate m use the gradient formula

m = ( y₂ - y₁ ) / ( x₂ - x₁ )

with (x₁, y₁ ) = (7, - 3) and (x₂, y₂ ) = (4, - 8)

m = = -

y = - x + c ← is the partial equation

to find c substitute either of the 2 points into the partial equation

using (4, - 8 ), then

- 8 = - + c ⇒ c = -

y = - x - ← in slope-intercept form

multiply all terms by 3 to eliminate the fractions

3y = - 5x - 4 ( add 5x to both sides )

5x + 3y = - 4 ← in standard form