Please provide how to solve. Thanks!

99 points at a zoo, the leopard pen has a ring-shaped sidewalk around it. the outer edge of the sidewalk is a circle with a radius of 12 m. the inner edge of the sidewalk is a circle with a radius of 8 m. (1 point for showing all of your work) a. write and simplify an expression for the exact area of the sidewalk. (1 point for the answer) b. find the approximate area of the sidewalk. use 3.14 to approximate π. (1 point for the answer)

Pls , the question is in the picture!

What is the effect on the graph of the function f(x) = x2 when f(x) is changed to f(x) − 4?