1) any letters can change into an a
2) two c's in a row can turn into a b
3) any word can be doubled

now how can i change cac into caac while following those rules

also when you double you have to double all letters

Every weekday, mr. jones bikes from his home to his job. sometimes he rides along two roads, the long route that is shown by the solid lines. other times, he takes the shortcut shown by the dashed line. how many fewer kilometers does mr. jones bike when he takes the shortcut instead of the long route?