English kings had allowed their subjects to participate in making laws through representatives in Parliament. This system of government worked as long as the king was not challenged on important matters. Whenever the Parliament clashed with their monarch, the king would get his way by suddenly convening Parliament in a remote, unreachable part of the country. Without a proper quorum of members, the king could then decide law as he pleased. As a result, representatives in the United States had drawn up the Constitution with particular attention to the issue of where they would meet in the future. As far as Jefferson and Madison were concerned, only Congress could relocate itself, and it could do this only after it officially convened in Philadelphia. —An American Plague, Jim Murphy What effect did the king's habit of moving Parliament have on US representatives? Which signal word(s) identify an effect in this passage? What conclusion can be drawn from this cause-and-effect relationship?