A bag contains 10 pieces of paper, numbered 1 through 10with a different number on each piece of paper. A second bag contains 8 pieces of paper, numbered 20 through 27with different number on each piece of paper. One piece of paper is drawn random from each bag. What is the expected value of the sum of the numbers on the two selected pieces of paper

Aresearch study is studying the effects of a new drug for osteoporosis alzheimer's disease (ad) for women above the age of 65 years. a group of individuals with osteoporosis is randomized into two groups. one group is treated conventionally, and the second group is treated with the new medication. assessments are made at 3, 6, 12, 36, and 48 months. the conventionally treated group is assessed for ad using a serum blood test, and the treatment group is assessed for ad using a pet radiotracer that binds to beta-amyloid plaques. in comparing these 2 trial arms, the authors of the study may encounter which type of bias? a. selection bias on the risk of developing b. measurement bias c. confounding bias d. recall bias e. lead-time bias