Which step in the construction of copying a line segment ensures that the new line segment has the same length as the original line segment?

Here are the steps I think you probably will go through.

1. Draw a line that is longer than the segment but shorter than the width of the page.

1a. Make sure this line is  at least 1/2 inch from the left hand side.  

2. Use a compass to measure the length of the original segment. Never use a ruler. Rulers do not exist in pure geometry.

3. Measure out the distance on the line you just drew with the compass. One end is on the left hand edge and the other end (the pencil end) is marking the segment so it is the same length as the compass. You are done.

The key step either two or three.

(b) 240

step-by-step explanation:

first, we use the pythagorean formula using the given side lengths to find x. then we use x to find the side lengths. then we add the side lengths to find the perimeter.

pythagorean theorem formula:

a^2 + b^2 = c^2

(x - 20)^2 + (x - 40)^2 = x^2

x^2 - 40x + 400 + x^2 - 80x + 1600 = x^2

x^2 -120x + 2000 = 0

(x - 100)(x - 20) = 0

x - 100 = 0 or x - 20 = 0

x = 100 or x = 20

we see that the solution x = 20 must be discarded because it will give a negative side length and a side length of 0. the only valid solution is x = 100.

perimeter = sum of the lengths of the sides

perimeter = x + x - 20 + x - 40

perimeter = 3x - 60

replace x with 100.

perimeter = 3(100) - 60

perimeter = 300 - 60

perimeter = 240