Athletes prepare for a competition by conditioning, controlling, their diet, and getting adequate sleep. The relationship between the hours of sleep, (x) and the competition score results f(x) is illustrated with a scatter plot. The line that best fits the data can be expressed by the function f(x) = 0.95x + 0.75 where x is the number of hours spent online and f(x) is the score at the competition. What is the meaning of the value 0.95 in the context of the data?

Researchers are conducting experiments to determine the role of alcohol in the development of depression. after the study is complete, they determine that the relative risk of developing depression is 1.55 with a 95 % ci of 1.2 -1.9. each group is then divided into nonsmokers and smokers. the relative risk for the nonsmokers is 1.12 with a 95% ci of 0.87-1.37. the relative risk for the smokers is 1.7 with a 95 % cl of 1.5-1.9. what type of bias may affect this study? a. procedure bias b. recall bias c. selection bias d. confounding e. lead-time bias