The pH scale for acidity is defined by pH = − log 10 [ H + ] where [ H + ] is the concentration of hydrogen ions measured in moles per liter (M). (A) The pH of pure water is 7.0. Calculate the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter ( M).
(B) The pH of apples is 3.0. Calculate the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter (M).