What is the slip of the line?

Quick translate "x is 12 units from 20" into an equation. what are the values of x being described? if you can answer any of my other questions that'd be great too

Trish receives $450 on the first of each month. josh receives $450 on the last day of each month. both trish and josh will receive payments for next four years. at a discount rate of 9.5 percent, what is the difference in the present value of these two sets of payments?

Arley is building a model of a city map. in one part of the city, three roads form a right triangle, which harley draws as triangle abc, with the following measures: m∠b=90° and m∠a=30°. in his scale model, the hypotenuse of triangle abc, ac¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯, has a length of 817−−√ cm. what is the value of a (the length of bc¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯)?