A denotes an mn matrix. Determine whether the statement is true or false. Justify your answer. The row space of AT is the same as the column space of A.

true

Step-by-step explanation:

For an m*n matrix, the column space of A will be a space formed by the lineal combination of all the columns of A.

column space = a1*c1 + a2*c2 + ...

where a1, a2, ... are scalars, and c1 is the vector of column 1.

Then we should write:

Column space = a1*(A₁₁, A₂₁, A₃₁, ...) + a2*(A₁₂, A₂₂, A₃₂, ...) + ...

Now, the transpose is defined as:

[At]₁₃ = A₃₁

Here i used the element with subindex 3 and 1, but is the same for every subindex.

Notice that if A is m*n, then [At] is n*m

Now, the row space of [At] will be, same as before.

Row space = b1*r1 + b2*r2 + ...

Where b1, b2, ... are scalars and the r's are the vector of each row.

                   = b1*( [At]₁₁ , [At]₁₂, [At]₁₃, ...) + b2*([At]₂₁, [At]₂₂, [At]₂₃, ...) + ...

Now we replace each term of the transpose by the associated element in the original matrix.

                   = b1*( A₁₁, A₂₁, A₃₁, ...) + b2*(A₂₁, A₂₂, ...) +

If we take:

b1 = a1, b2 = a2, b3 = a3, ...

We will have that the row space of [At] is the same as the column space of A.

phosphate, calcium ion, chloride ion, neon atom

step-by-step explanation:

spinning a 1, 2, or 3. option d.

step-by-step explanation: when spinning a number graph up to 4, and aiming for any number less than 3, that automatically eliminates the number 4. now you have two numbers to spin on that are less than 3, but the number 3 is included in this question because it's no greater of an number than itself. i hope this you : )