What are families of functions and how are they useful?

The importance of family is closely related to the various functions which it performs towards society. Through functions of family may differ with cultures, yet they can be broadly divided into two main categories:

Basic or Universal Functions

This class of functions includes those functions that are essential and common in all cultures and societies. These are further classified into two types:

(a) Biological Functions:

These functions are performed by the family since its very formation. These include:

(i) Satisfaction of sexual desires:

Sexual desires are basic human instincts. It is an important function performed by the family. But every society has social control over an individual’s sex desires in its own traditions.

(ii) Reproduction:

It is yet another important biological function which is essential for the survival of the human beings. Though this function is possible outside the family also but then it does not have social approval. The reproductive function depends upon the relation between husband and wife through the marriage bonds and bears social approval. It also provides stable nature to family.

(iii) Nurture of children:

Since time immemorial family has provided a security to children and environment for their growth. This function of family has been tried out to be performed by other social institutions at many places, but the results are not fully satisfactory.

(b) Psychological Functions:

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This is also a very important universal function of family. The feelings of love, affection, respect, cooperation, faith, etc., play a very crucial role in the development and mental status of each member of family. These feelings make family bonds more stronger.

(i) Psychological security:

This is the first psychological function that a family performs. This aspect is very significant especially for younger and immature members of the family. They feel secured and get solace in home from the outside world.

The psychological security provided by family gives them confidence to face adversities of the world. It develops their total personality- mental as well as physical.

Step-by-step explanation:

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