Rosalie Friend (2001), an educational psychologist, compared three methods of teaching writing. Students were randomly assigned to three different experimental conditions involving different methods of writing a summary. At the end of the two days of instructions, participants wrote a summary. One of the ways it was scored was the percentage of specific details of information it included from the original material. Here is a selection from her article describing one of the findings:The effect of summarization method on inclusion of important information was significant: F(2, 144) = 4.1032, p < .019. The mean scores (with standard deviations in parantheses) were as follows: Argument Repetition, 59.6% (17.9); Generalization, 59.8% (15.2); and Self-Reflection, 50.2% (18.0). (p.14) A. Explain these results to a person who has never had a course in statistics.
B. Using the information in the preceding description, figure the effect size for the study.
Scale Mother Father Friend Professor F(3, 56)
Conformity 24 21 12 16 4.21**
Extroversion 14 13 15 13 2.05
Maturity 15 15 22 19 3.11*
Self-confidence 38 42 27 32 3.58*