A survey related to professor effectiveness was administered to students who chose the professor as the chair of their doctoral committee. The results
of the survey showed 100% effectiveness. Another survey was administered
to all students taking courses under the professor. The results of this survey
showed 70% effectiveness. This is a classic example of an error in which
phase of inferential statistics?
A. data gathering
B. data organization
c. data analysis
D. probability-based inference