The variegated plant Arabidopsis thaliana has green-and-yellow leaves ("variegation phenotype"). To investigate the mechanism of plant variegation, researchers introduced a DNA mutation that suppresses variegation. If the mutation is recessive, three-quarters of plants in the second generation (F2) of a variegated x mutant crossing should be variegated, and the rest be just green. The researchers found 84 green plants and 216 variegated plants in F2 of such a genetic experiment. Which inference procedure should be used?
1. two sample t procedure for two means
2. chi-square for goodness of fit
3. one sample or matched-pairst procedure for a mean
4. chi-square for two-way tables
5. ANOVA for several means