Examine the details of the chi‑square test and conclude in context. There is good evidence (cite P-value) of an association between treatment and outcome in the population of women just treated for a UTI. There were substantially fewer than expected women getting a UTI recurrence in the study among those drinking cranberry juice daily. The conditions for inference are not met. There is good evidence (cite P-value) of an association between treatment and outcome in the population of women just treated for a UTI. There were substantially fewer than expected women getting a UTI recurrence among those abstaining from both drinks. There is good evidence (cite P-value) of an association between treatment and outcome in the population of women just treated for a UTI. There were substantially fewer than expected women getting a UTI recurrence among those drinking Lactobacillus drink. There is good evidence (cite P-value) that, in the population of women just treated for a UTI, women drinking cranberry juice daily have fewer UTI recurrences, on average. Question Source: Baldi 4e - The Practice Of Statistics

Step-by-step explanation:

We will examine and outline the details of this chi-square test and then conclude in context.

(A) A population of women have just been treated for a urinary tract infection.

(B) Since the chi-square test is done for categorical variables, we will pick out the variable involved here.

That variable is: "UTI Recurrence"

Hence, we are looking at the recurrence of a urinary tract infection, among samples of the population of women who have recently been treated of it.

(C) There are three samples from this population and they are distinguished thus:

SAMPLE 1: Those drinking cranberry juice daily

SAMPLE 2: Those taking lactobacillus drink

SAMPLE 3: Those abstaining from both drinks (the placebo sample)

(D) The result of the test gave good evidence that SAMPLE 1 has the lowest value of the categorical variable involved; as compared to the values from SAMPLE 2 and SAMPLE 3.

In other words, on the average (average here is equal to mode or frequency of occurrence of the variable), the lowest number of UTI recurrences stems from Sample 1, as compared to the numbers of UTI recurrences in the other two samples

a 4/6 = 9/12   not proportional

step-by-step explanation:

to find which are not proportional, we can use cross products

if it is true, they are proportional.   if it is not true, they are not proportional.

a 4/6 = 9/12

4* 12 = 6*9

48 = 54

not this is not proportional  

b 2/3 = 12/18  

2* 18 = 3 * 12

36 = 36

this is proportional

c 5/4 = 10/8  

5*8 = 4*10

40 = 40

this is proportional

d 7/5 = 35/25

7*25 = 5 * 35

175 = 175

is proportional