Following is a sample of five matched pairs. Sample 1 20 20 23 18 22 Sample 2 23 16 15 14 18 Let μ1 and μ2 represent the population means and let μD = μ1 - μ2. A test will be made of the hypotheses H0: μD = 0 versus H1: μD > 0. Can you reject H0 at the α = 0.01 level of significance? A) No B) Yes C) Cannot be determined

No, we can't reject at the α = 0.01 level of significance.

Step-by-step explanation:

We are given the sample of five matched pairs below ;

Sample 1 (B) :    20, 20, 23, 18, 22

Sample 2 (A) :   23, 16, 15, 14, 18

Let = population mean for first sample

= population mean for second sample

SO, Null Hypothesis, : = 0    {means that there is no difference between the population means of both samples}

Alternate Hypothesis, : > 0    {means that three is positive difference between the population means of both samples, i.e. population mean of first sample is higher than the population mean of second sample}

The test statistics that will be used here is Paired data test statistics;

                      T.S.  =  ~

where,  = = 20.6 - 17.2 = 3.4

             =   = 3.975

             n = sample size = 5

So, test statistics  =    ~     

                               =  1.913

Now at 0.01 significance level, the t table gives critical value of 3.747 at 4 degree of freedom for right-tailed test. Since our test statistics is less than the critical value of t as 3.747 > 1.913, so we have insufficient evidence to reject our null hypothesis as it will not fall in the rejection region due to which we fail to reject our null hypothesis.

Therefore, we conclude that the there is no difference between the population means of both samples.