A 3 meter chain with linear mass density rho(x) = 2x(4 − x) kg/m lies on the ground, where x = 0 is the top of the chain. Calculate the work required to lift the chain from its top end so that its bottom is 2 meters above the ground.

Step-by-step explanation:

Step-by-step explanation:

Given that,

Length of chain

L = 3m

Linear mass density is

ρ(x) = 2x(4 — x) kg/m lies on the ground

When x = 0, is top of the chain

Work done to lift the chain from top end so that the bottom is 2m above the ground.

Considered the segment of the chain of length ∆x that will be lifted in the positive y direction (+j)m from the foot.

The work needed to lift this segment is given as

Work = mass density × ∆x × gravity

W = ρ × ∆x × g

g is acting downward = 9.8j

Summing over all segment of the chain and passing to the limit as ∆x→0.

Therefore, the total work done needed to full extend the chain is

W = ∫ ρ × ∆x × g x = 0 to 3

Since g is constant

∆x = xdx

Then,

W = g ∫ 2x(4—x)x dx. x= 0 to x = 3

W = 9.81 ∫ (8x² — 2x³)x dx

W = 9.81 ( 8x³/3 — 2x⁴/4)

W=9.81(8x³/3— ½x⁴) from x=0 to x=3

W = 9.81[8(3)³/3 — ½(3⁴)] — 0

W = 9.81 × (72 —40.5)

W = 9.81 × 31.5

Work done= 309.015 J

Lifting the entire chain requires to light the weight

Weight = ∫ρgdx

Weight = g ∫ρ dx. From x=0 to x=3

Weight = g ∫ 2x(4-x) dx

Weight = 9.81 ∫(8x-2x²)dx

Weight = 9.81 [ 8x²/2 - 2x³/3]

Weight = 9.81[4x²-⅔x³] x=0 to x=3

Weight = 9.81[4(3²) — ⅔(3³)]

Weight = 9.81(36—18)

Weight = 9.81 × 18

Weight = 176.58N

Now, this weight is lifted to a height of 2m, then using potential energy formula, we have

P.E = Work = mgh = Weight ×height

Work = W×h = 176.58 × 2

Work = 353.16 J

Then, total workdone is

W = 353.16 + 309.015

W = 662.18 J

The required Work done required to lift the chain from top so that it's bottom is 2m from the ground is 662.18J

step-by-step :