A true/false test has 90 questions. Suppose a passing grade is 58 or more correct answers. Test the claim that a student knows more than half of the answers and is not just guessing. Assume the student gets 58 answers correct out of 90. Use a significance level of 0.05. Steps 1 and 2 of a hypothesis test procedure are given below. Show step 3, finding the test statistic and the p-value and step 4, interpreting the results.

1 and 2) Null hypothesis:  

Alternative hypothesis:  

When we conduct a proportion test we need to use the z statistic, and the is given by:  

(1)  

3)  

4)  

So the p value obtained was a very low value and using the significance level given we have so we can conclude that we have enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis, and we can said that at 5% of significance the proportion of correct answers is not significantly higher than 0.5

Step-by-step explanation:

Data given and notation

n=90 represent the random sample taken

X=58 represent the number of correct answers

estimated proportion of correct answers

is the value that we want to test

represent the significance level

Confidence=95% or 0.95

z would represent the statistic (variable of interest)

represent the p value (variable of interest)  

Step 1 and 2: Concepts and formulas to use  

We need to conduct a hypothesis in order to test the claim that the true proportion of correct answers is higher than 0.5.:  

Null hypothesis:  

Alternative hypothesis:  

When we conduct a proportion test we need to use the z statistic, and the is given by:  

(1)  

The One-Sample Proportion Test is used to assess whether a population proportion is significantly different from a hypothesized value .

3) Calculate the statistic  

Since we have all the info requires we can replace in formula (1) like this:  

4) Statistical decision  

It's important to refresh the p value method or p value approach . "This method is about determining "likely" or "unlikely" by determining the probability assuming the null hypothesis were true of observing a more extreme test statistic in the direction of the alternative hypothesis than the one observed". Or in other words is just a method to have an statistical decision to fail to reject or reject the null hypothesis.  

The significance level provided . The next step would be calculate the p value for this test.  

Since is a right tailed test the p value would be:  

So the p value obtained was a very low value and using the significance level given we have so we can conclude that we have enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis, and we can said that at 5% of significance the proportion of correct answers is not significantly higher than 0.5