G Calculate the sample mean of x without the use of mean(), sd(), sum(), or . Hint: Recall that vectors in R are column vectors. (Although when you display them, they often look like row vectors.) You may need to create a second vector, which is allowed, and should also look into the function crossprod(). Essentially, you need to use matrix algebra to recreate the formulas above. You may use mean() to check your answer.

Match the vocabulary to the proper definition. in probability, two events in which 1. conditional probability the outcome of one event is independent of the outcome of a second event. 2. dependent events in probability, two events in which the outcome of one event is dependent on the outcome of a second event. the probability of an event in which the outcome of the event is conditional on the outcome of one or more different events. 3. independent events