Based on x with distribution indexed by θ ∈ ω, the problem is to test θ ∈ ω versus θ ∈ ω ? . suppose there exists a test φ such that e θ [φ(x)] ≤ β for all θ in ω, where β < α. show there exists a level α test φ ∗ (x) such that.

muyb ajo

step-by-step explanation:

jegosu

irrational, then, just means all the numbers that aren't rational. every integer is a rational number, since each integer n can be written in the form n/1. however, numbers like 1/2, 45454737/2424242, and -3/7 are also rational, since they are fractions whose numerator and denominator are integers.

step-by-step explanation: