With number 14 ! the letter o stands for observation. the letter i stands for inference.

O. Observation Because you See that the tree is dead hoped I helped :)

This would be an inference. When looking at a tree, you can not simply observe the fact that it is dead. It has to be supported by a set of evidence and reasoning that the tree is in fact dead. Just because a tree lacks leaves, this does not necessarily mean it is dead-- which would be observation. The set of evidence that the tree is dead would be that it lacks leaves, it has fallen down, and it is rotting, so it can be presumed from this set of evidence that it is not alive.

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