Can someone explain how to do 60 and 62?

In question 60, the base change property was used.

This property says that:

Remember that the base of the neperian logarithm (ln) is the number of euler "e"

So:

Option C

In question 62, use the base change property again. We have:

Let's change the to the

So:

----------- lower the exponent in the numerator ) and calculate the log of the denominator.

Option E