Long-arm statutes: a. give state courts automatic jurisdiction over out-of-state defendants. b. have been ruled unconstitutional. c. are simply procedural statutes that still require "minimum contacts" for use. d. none of the above

a. give state courts automatic jurisdiction over out-of-state defendants.

Explanation:

Long-arm statutes are laws that allow state courts to acquire automatic jurisdiction over out-of-state defendants. The courts can apprehend an out-of-state defendant based on certain actions which have connections with the concerned state.The provisions of a long-arm statute normally grants a state court the right to jurisdiction over a non-state domicile if the individual has minimum connection within the state's court jurisdiction.