Prior cases whose principles are used by judges to decide current cases are called

Precedents

Explanation:

A precedent is a decision/principle that is the basis of or the cause for future decisions. The principles used in prior cases are applied by courts whenever the case to be heard has similar issues or facts. This is in accordance with the doctrine of "stare decisis" (i.e. to stand by things decided), through which courts apply the precedents of prior cases if the case at issue is similar. This doctrine ensures consistency in the legal system.

There are two types of precedents: binding precedents and persuasive precedents.

A binding precedent is a precedent a court must conform to upon the adjudication of the case. A lower court is to abide by the decisions of a higher court, even if the lower court does not agree with those decisions.

A persuasive precedent is that a court may observe but the court is not required to do so. For instance, those decisions made by courts having the same jurisdiction.  

free points

explanation:

vehicle inspection tests are conducted to ensure that a vehicle is safe to operate. during the vehicle inspection test, you will be expected to explain or show your knowledge of the vehicle inspection process.

during the vehicle inspection test, you must show that the vehicle is safe to drive. you will have to walk around the vehicle and point to or touch each item and explain to the examiner what you are checking and why. you will not have to crawl under the hood or under the vehicle. the brake lights, emergency flashers, turn signals, and horn must be checked. if any of these items do not work, the skills and road portions of the test will be postponed.