How did rule by a few, or a small group, work in the city-states of italy

d) the constitution rights of native americans and their right to self-government on reservations

the conditions that made the byzantine empire vulnerable to attacks by the muslin turks were the sack of constantinople by western crusaders, the conquests of the sultanate of rum, presence of rival kingdoms and finally the set up of fiefdoms at the empire which were owned by the ghazis (turkish warriors).