1) which of these was a direct result of the prohibition movement in the united states

The passage of Eighteenth Amendment to the constitution was the direct result of the prohibition movement in the United States. This ratification of the Eighteenth Amendment to US constitution banned the sale of intoxicating liquors, transportation, and manufacture. The prohibition was difficult to enforce despite that there was a passage of companion legislation which was called Volstead Act.
The adopted resolution by the Congress proposing a 21st Amendment to the constitution which was to repeal the Eighteenth Amendment. By the end of that year, it was ratified bringing prohibition era to a close.