Aratified amendment is one that has not been approved by congress. true or false?

I believe the answer is false, a ratified amendment HAS to be approved by Congress

False...'ratified' means that the amendment has passed. constitutional amendments must be ratified by 3/4 of the states themselves, so congress has nothing to do with that. concerning lawmaking, however, at the federal level, yes, congress would be the ratifying power for amendments to laws.

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It developed as a reaction to the impact of european colonialism in africa on peoples of african descent. in the  mid-20th century, activists in africa adopted pan-africanism as a rallying cry for independence from colonial rule. some african pan-africanists sought to unite the continent as one independenthope it was useful