During the gilded age, the shift to a system of mass production that paid workers low wages affected

Women, men and children.

Explanation:

During the Gilded Age (1860's to 1896), there was a rapid and important transformation in matters of the economy, society, politics, and technology, mainly because of the U.S. shifting from an agrarian to an industrial economy. And although this period is called "Gilded", it was only that good for the upper and middle classes (organizations, industrialists, bankers, politicians) who enjoyed extraordinary wealth at the expense of the working class. 40% of this class was poor and were paid very low wages, which inevitably forced women and children to go out of their homes and to look for jobs as well in order to survive.

Women, men, and children very often had to live in very poor circumstances, they had to work under dangerous conditions, and they had jobs with low wages in which they did not receive any benefits at all and had to face long hours.

in mcculloch v. maryland (1819) the supreme court ruled that congress had implied powers under the necessary and proper clause of article i, section 8 of the constitution to create the second bank of the united states and that the state of maryland lacked the power to tax the bank.

gibbons v. ogden, (1824), was a landmark decision in which the supreme court of the united states held that the power to regulate interstate commerce, granted to congress by the commerce clause of the united states constitution, encompassed the power to regulate navigation.

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