In some african nations , the end of the european colonial rule brought about political instability many countries were not able to establish a stable democratic government as a result of nations were vunerable to *blank* which can be defined as sudden violent overthrow of government

Coup d'état

Explanation:

A coup d'état refers to an event in which the existing government of a country is overthrown. This is usually done in an illegal, unconstitutional way. The perpetrators tend to be a dictator, the military or a political faction. A coup d'état was the result in several African countries after independence, as the end of colonial rule brought about political instability.

a, he promoted disarmament