This was the outcome of what revolution?
countries achieved their independence from the european monarchies—notably spain, portugal, and france—that held power over them.

During the French Revolution, countries like Spain, Portugal and France achieved their independence from the European monarchies that held power over them.The French revolution took place between the years 1789 to 1799. It was a time of great turmoil as far as political and social mayhem in France was concerned. This was the revolution that helped in overthrowing the monarchy and the beginning of the republic. This period ultimately culminated under the dictatorship of Napoleon the great. He brought in many liberal ideas that the people accepted.