Why did some nations establish spheres of influence in the late 1800s?

Some nations establish spheres of influence in the late 1800s because of the fact that they are likely to guarantee the specific trading privileges that are to be applied in terms of foreign lands. Spheres of influence is being defined as having an organization to accommodate the interest of powers that are outside of the borders in which having trading privileges to foreign lands accommodates those with the interest of power.

c. legislation should seek to resolve social problems.

i think its the outcome of people's preferences.