The civil rights movement
• time period is from the end of the civil war to
• focus on the and .
• not just about expanding the rights of americans. other groups got more rights during this time as well.

origins of the civil rights movement
1. three amendments were passed after the civil war.
• 13th amendment – abolished
• 14th amendment – to those born in the u. s. and promises under the law
• 15th amendment – right to vote can’t be denied because
2. another amendment also with rights.
• 19th amendment – granted women the right to
3. part of issue with the civil rights movement is that we were given these rights but states and areas found ways to create loopholes to keep from
• if they vote, they would vote people into office that they want, and they would be able to laws and policies.
• used taxes, tests, intimidation and

overturning segregation (separation by race)
1. 1898 – v. ferguson
• of public facilities
2. sweatt v. painter (1950)
• first case involving with under the law.
• court ruled that a separate law school for african americans at ut austin was due to isolation from other law students that they would interact with in the future.
3. board of education
• key turning point in civil rights movement
• thurgood attorney with that represented brown
• overturned decision
• ruled “separate but equal” schools were
• ordered all schools to “at ”
• southerners and those against desegregation interpreted “at deliberate speed” however they wanted and used it as a loophole.
• paved the way for

march to equality
1. bus boycott (1955)
• refused to surrender her bus seat to a white passenger and was arrested
• led to a public buses in montgomery, al for 13 months.
• led the boycott and was arrested. his home was bombed during the boycott.
• boycott was very african americans rallied together and showed that they could unite successfully to oppose segregation
2. march on (1963)
• mlk and civil rights leaders marched on washington, d. c. to pressure congress to pass a new bill.
• the for human rights in u. s. history
• people attended the march
• mlk delivers “i have a ” speech
• the assassination of presidentshortly after encouraged congress to honor what he had been championing which led to a more successful vote and the civil rights act being passed in
4. freedom )
• groups rode the south with the goal of segregation on public transportation.
• freedom riders often risked from those opposed to integration.
• created confrontations where the would have to brought national this issue which was the goal.

trying to maintain the status quo – keeping desegregation from happening
1. george
• governor who pledged to desegregation
2.
• restaurant owner that would not allow into his restaurant.
• later sold his restaurant instead of letting african-americans in.
3. orval
• governor of
• rock – during desegregation of public schools, nine african-american students trying to attend little rock
• ordered the arkansas to surround the school and them from entering.
• president had to send national troops to could attend.
5. congressional block of southern
• during any attempt to pass civil rights legislation they would band together and try to the legislation from
• some were heads of committees that would keep from even exiting the committee to be on.