Why did australia undergo a population boom in the mid 1800s?

Australia underwent a population boom because:

Australia was under the British 'empire' during the time. When the British prisons became overcrowded, many of them were shipped to Australia to live there. This increased the amount of people living in Australia exponentially, and eventually cities were founded

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The three steps before modern english were indo-european, germanic, and old english. as peoples moved around the eurasian continent, their languages changed. throughout the ages, the languages became more specialized. as english has many germanic influences, it is easy to see how this was one of the forebears. also, old english was one of the main ancestors of the modern language, spoken in the 5th through about the 13th centuries.