In what year did the soviet union begin its counter-offensive against germany

The Soviet Union began their counterattack against Germany during 1942. Before this, the Nazi-Soviet Pact of 1939 made it so that the Germans would not enter Soviet territory. Once this pact was broken by Hitler in 1941, the Soviets began to prepare their counterattack. This counterattack officially begins in 1942 with the Battle of Stalingard. This became a huge turning point in World War II, as the Soviet Union gained momentum.

The second , larger puritan colony of massachusetts bay was conceived as a "city upon a hill". but it also struggled with internal turmoil like the salem witch trials and external conflicts like king philip's (metacom's) war.

Iam in the 7th grade