Which statement best reflects an effect of
imperialism in africa?
(1) land was distributed equally between social
classes.
(2) territorial divisions were primarily established using tribal boundaries.
(3) natural resources were exploited for the
benefit of european powers.
(4) timbuktu became the center of great
learning.

The best answer is (3)

African countries were divided into pieces by European nations among themselves without the consent of the African people.  This was done with the aim of exploitation to get raw materials to feed the mother industries of Europe  during the industrial revolution in the European nations.

African lands are rich in natural resources, and this is why Europeans went to so much trouble to rob and plunder them. One does not go to poor places for self enrichment.  The wealth generated by Europe never came back to Africa to help build it up.

for the 2 countries u can do china and america because america has a democratic government while china has a communist government.

a democracy is a government run by the people either by directly voting or indirectly by electing representatives. an oligarchy is a government run by a few or a small group of people. a democracy and oligarchy are similar because both in an oligarchy and an indirect democracy, a small group of induvial determine the laws for a large group of people they are different because in an oligarchy it is easier to control and they do not have to answer to a large number of people in the country, unlike a democracy where they do have to answer to a large number of people an county that is a democracy would be the united states. a country that is an oligarchy would be the china.